How it calculates, and what it calculates with.

Carbonex calculates emissions against the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard: organisational and operational boundaries, and the Scope 1, 2 and 3 structure that follows from them.

Scope 1 covers direct combustion and fugitive emissions. Scope 2 and Scope 3 each carry a choice worth stating on its own, covered in the next two sections.

Every electricity record carries both a location-based figure and a market-based figure, calculated side by side rather than one replacing the other.

Carbonex resolves the applicable instrument in order — a supplier contract first, then a residual mix, then the grid average — and records which one applied, so the choice stays visible rather than assumed.

All fifteen Scope 3 categories exist as named categories, each calculated by a spend-based or an activity-based method depending on the data available.

A category with no data is shown as not estimated. It is never folded into a zero — a zero and an unmeasured category are different facts, and keeping them different is most of the point of this page.

Carbonex uses the IPCC AR6 global warming potentials by default. The earlier AR5 set remains available and is cited against every record it applies to, rather than retired the day a newer set is adopted.

Refrigerant blends — R-410A, R-404A, R-407C and others — are calculated from their published composition rather than looked up as a single factor, so a blend's value stays traceable to the gases inside it.

Carbonex resolves to the most specific factor available, in order: the organisation's own factor, then the country, then the region, then a global factor, then a documented default.

Where more than one factor ties at the same level, the tie is broken by source priority, by reliability, and by how recent the factor is. The factor actually used is attached to the calculation, so it can be checked later rather than re-derived from memory.

Where activity data is incomplete, Carbonex falls back to a spend-based estimate and marks the result with the lowest data-quality tier — visible as that tier, never blended into a figure that looks measured.

Counterparty-emission estimates used for financed-emissions calculations are explicitly labelled provisional and illustrative, and carried alongside every priced record, so an estimate is never mistaken for a factor from one of the named datasets above.

A formal base-year recalculation policy — a significance threshold, and a defined response to a structural change such as an acquisition or a divestiture — is planned and is not built yet.

Until it exists, a base-year change is handled case by case rather than by an automatic rule, and any such change is recorded as what it is rather than silently absorbed into the trend.

A report moves through a governed review and approval step before it is closed. Once closed and marked final, its Environmental, Social and Governance figures are locked.

Every calculation keeps a record of the method and the calculation-logic version used to produce it. If a figure needs to change after closing, Carbonex records why — as a retry, a recalculation or a restatement — never as a silent edit.